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station this is houston are you ready

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i'm ready for the event

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usa science and engineering festival

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this is mission control houston please

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hello

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mission control this is the usa science

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and engineering festival you're loud and

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and i've got you loud and clear as well

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hey jeff we see you floating up there

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right now waving to the crowd all right

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so jeff

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where are you right at this moment

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we're just heading up over the atlantic

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uh toward europe we just passed south of

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the bahamas prior to that right over the

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panama canal i was out trying to get a

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picture of the panama canal but as usual

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it was it was

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pretty cloudy but the bahamas look

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beautiful as always

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okay all right so we we got a little bit

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of misinformation we thought that you

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had been there about 10 or 15 minutes

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ago and that you're further along is

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uh well we crossed panama about uh 10

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minutes ago yes and now we're heading

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over the atlantic ocean toward europe

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got it all right that's great and you're

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that's right

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17

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500 miles an hour 90 minutes around the

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earth 16 times a day we go around the

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earth what does it feel like

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okay now

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there's a delay in the communication so

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all right so jeff i want to introduce

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you to two nickelodeon stars

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cree and madison and they're going to

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take over the questions and so i'm

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letting them know there's a little bit

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of a delay so we'll pause after we after

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we speak so first question

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oh of course what i miss the most is my

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family uh being away from my wife and my

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kids and my daughters-in-law and my

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grandkids that's what i miss the most

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all right next question what have you

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today was mostly a day off however i

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have been working on an experiment where

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we're studying the the effects of

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weightlessness on it's a biology

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experiment growing nematodes and putting

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them under an experiment it's a japanese

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experiment so i've been working with the

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scuba

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space center in japan

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today and over the last several days

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actually

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that's awesome

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where's your favorite place to hang out

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oh that's easy my favorite place to hang

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out is in the cupola i call it the

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window on the world it's got seven

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windows where it's the only place on the

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space station where we can see the

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entire globe of the earth so it's a

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fantastic place to hang out

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that's awesome

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so today is your day off so what do you

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like to do for fun when you're not

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well uh the cupola being my favorite

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place to hang out i usually go there

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with a camera and it's a camera with a

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big lens like this so i love to take

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pictures of the earth

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the earth is a is a beautiful place a

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never-ending variety of weather systems

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of landforms of ocean currents of

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light conditions

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so it's a great place to take pictures

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okay what's your favorite food to eat in

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well i've got lots of favorites up here

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i like a lot of different kinds of foods

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just like i like on earth of course we

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don't get fresh food very often but we

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did last week get some fresh fruits and

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vegetables and when you haven't had

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those

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awesome what's your advice for some

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students here who have an interest in

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well of course you're there because you

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have an interest in math and science and

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engineering and technology and that's

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great if you have an interest

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and and that's the what you want to

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pursue i would encourage you to work

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hard toward that goal

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study hard in school

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find out what doors open before you and

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enter don't be afraid to enter those

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doors and when you're shooting for

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something when you're when you have a

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goal out in front of you and you maybe

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fail

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on occasion to uh to progress toward

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that goal don't give up persevere and

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continue to work hard and and go through

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those doors that open before you

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all right so as you know we're here at

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the usa science and engineering festival

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with hundreds of thousands of students

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who are interested in stem okay so from

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your perspective why is stem so

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oh wow well if you look at the history

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of civilization it really uh history

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civilization really blossomed really

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grew

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with the advent of

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uh science and exploration it's called

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the age of discovery and it's really

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because uh the the earth is so

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observable and we can extract things

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from the earth that we're able to use

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science and technology

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and develop it for the good of humankind

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so it has made a huge difference uh in

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history uh for the people on earth so it

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that's why it's so important to continue

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that

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exploration and discovery out of this

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world uh that we see around us

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yeah of course hey jeff this is greg

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here

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um

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is it true that you took on on a

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previous space flight is it true that

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you took a photograph of an erupting

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volcano that actually was not known

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until the moment that that image was

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sent down is that really true tell us

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that's right that was in may of 2006 and

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uh there were only two of us on board

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pavel vinogradov and i and i was back in

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the russian segment i took a break went

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back and had a convert short

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conversation with pablo i think we had a

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bag of tea

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we drink tea through a straw and i was

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coming back up here in the laboratory

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module to continue my work i looked out

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the window i saw the aleutian islands

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off the coast of alaska and i started i

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grabbed the camera a camera just like

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this and i started taking pictures of it

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first one island then the next island

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then the next island and all of a sudden

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something didn't look right in that last

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one and i went back and reframed the

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picture and there was a volcano brand

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new eruption i could see the entire

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plume it had just started

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so i was able to take two or three

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pictures one orbit later 90 minutes

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later i set the alarm on my watch to be

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back in the window to take some more

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pictures and it was done it had been

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the eruption was complete

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my guess is it only lasted 20 minutes or

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so i had called mission control they

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contacted the alaskan volcano

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observatory they didn't know about it

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yet um so

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but they did uh see the data later uh so

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they they verified the eruption they

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also had some other satellite imagery

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that verified the eruption uh to my

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knowledge to this date i'm the only one

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either on or off the planet that

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happened to see that particular eruption

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so it was an exciting day for me

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that's an awesome story thanks jeff all

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right ladies

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do you have other questions i

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well

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oh there's lots of nice things to be in

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space i talked about viewing the earth

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of course you can play with things

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doing things doing experiments in a

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weightless environment studying physics

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doing physics practical exercises in a

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weightless environment is always a lot

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of fun all astronauts turn to kids again

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we love to play with our food and catch

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food in our mouth and whatnot so there's

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all kinds of great things to do in a

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weightless environment

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is that uh is that like a 400 millimeter

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lens right there is that what that that

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is

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here's an 800 millimeter lens with a

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doubler on it it's bigger than the one

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uh that what you know of when you were

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up here uh greg um but we've got a whole

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variety of lenses we got many many

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lenses everything from these big lenses

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all the way to uh to very wide angle

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lenses uh to take all of the photography

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that we're asked to do and then of

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course all the volunteer photography

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that we choose to do

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all right go ahead ladies how do you

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feel whenever you float like what do you

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uh it's difficult to describe when you

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first get up here you feel like

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everything inside your body starts to

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float your your

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the organs inside your abdomen float up

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your shoulders your arms float up and

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you feel like your shoulders you're

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shrugging your shoulders continually

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then you get used to it after a while it

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takes a few days and and then you feel

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very comfortable but i would say that it

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takes about six weeks to fully acclimate

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and then you get to a point where there

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is no really logical up or down anymore

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you can work in any orientation and in

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your mind you just make anything up or

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down

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depending upon the task that you're

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doing you'll learn how to how to move

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around with your feet you don't need

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your hands to do it right now i'm i'm

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hooking my feet in handrails uh to uh to

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just kind of push myself around and

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catch myself and

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so you get very accustomed uh up here

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after a period of weeks

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wow

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so jeff you first flew on the space

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shuttle in 2000 yes it is now 16 years

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later have you noticed any visual

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differences on the surface of earth from

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your view

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that is a good question we hear about

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that all the time frankly i don't see a

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whole lot of difference of course

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there's differences in the details there

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have been

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development in agriculture there's been

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fields that that have left fallow there

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have been earthquakes of course

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periodically that have caused damage

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there have been storms that have come

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through hurricanes that have come

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through and caused change but all in all

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i don't see a lot of change now i do see

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changes over time

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for example when i first got here a few

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weeks ago the entire sahara desert in

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northern africa and half of asia the

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eastern part of asia was all full of

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dust storms and very hazy now it's

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cleared out again so africa is fairly

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clear and asia is starting to clear out

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those things pop up every once in a

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while and then they they go away i think

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that's the normal cycles of of weather

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patterns and and other phenomena on the

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earth

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so

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more questions all right two more

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questions so pick your best last

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question

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okay so

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what's the what does it smell like in

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like

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that's a

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right now i would say it doesn't smell

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like anything it uh

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it's a very clean

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um atmosphere however i will say when i

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first got here this time the smell was

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very familiar to me the smell of the

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space station it's sort of a

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laboratory smell i can't quite explain

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it it's unique to the space station but

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i found it was very strong when i first

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got on board but within a couple of days

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i acclimated to it and i can't smell it

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anymore when i asked when i arrived on

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board i asked my crewmates about it and

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they said oh we don't smell anything so

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you acclimate to the smells here but i

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would say it smells

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sort of like a unique uh laboratory

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oh okay awesome all right so last

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question

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well okay for this round but we got more

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00:13:03,590 --> 00:13:00,880
after all right

301
00:13:09,430 --> 00:13:03,600
what is the most amazing thing that

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00:13:13,509 --> 00:13:11,829
oh man there's a long list of amazing

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things i've seen in space i talked about

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that volcano

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before i've seen some amazing views of

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the bahamas the reefs i've seen amazing

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panoramas of mountain ranges on the

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horizon or oblique angles or or seeing

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places that i live or have lived in the

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past are always emotionally very good

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because you uh exciting to see that

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we saw a rocket launch a couple weeks

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ago we saw a rocket launching through

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space it was it was at night

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and it was the progress launching to

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deliver us cargo and we saw it way up

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above the atmosphere all the way till

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the main engine cut off that was an

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amazing event just recently

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wow that's great

321
00:14:03,430 --> 00:13:59,760
okay well jeff we have a huge festival

322
00:14:05,990 --> 00:14:03,440
here and they they scoured the entire

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festival for one student

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00:14:10,069 --> 00:14:08,480
one special student so come up here

325
00:14:13,110 --> 00:14:10,079
while while we're talking about the one

326
00:14:15,430 --> 00:14:13,120
special student has a question for you

327
00:14:17,590 --> 00:14:15,440
and enter the stage

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come on out all right

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and

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your name my name is rachel okay rachel

331
00:14:26,389 --> 00:14:24,079
nice to meet you from around here i'm

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00:14:28,470 --> 00:14:26,399
from maryland okay very good well this

333
00:14:30,949 --> 00:14:28,480
is jeff williams he's live on the space

334
00:14:32,870 --> 00:14:30,959
station so ask your question um what

335
00:14:37,750 --> 00:14:32,880
effect does gravity have on your brain

336
00:14:42,310 --> 00:14:40,150
a good question rachel the

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00:14:43,509 --> 00:14:42,320
being up here does have impacts on your

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00:14:46,230 --> 00:14:43,519
body

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00:14:48,150 --> 00:14:46,240
on your brain i'm not sure other than i

340
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would say that

341
00:14:51,670 --> 00:14:49,600
you have to concentrate a little bit

342
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more up here than you do on the ground

343
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we have a couple of theories that uh

344
00:14:59,430 --> 00:14:57,040
that maybe support that our co2 levels

345
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are a little bit higher than they are

346
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on the planet and we think that that has

347
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something to do with it it's sort of a

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fullness in the head

349
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but that's that's how i would i don't

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know if you know what the effect it has

351
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on the brain per se but it does have an

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effect that you subjectively feel of

353
00:15:17,910 --> 00:15:15,760
course we have other effects our muscles

354
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and our bones can atrophy so we exercise

355
00:15:22,470 --> 00:15:20,480
every day to to prevent that so that we

356
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can be prepared to come back to earth

357
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okay well thank you very much rachel

358
00:15:34,069 --> 00:15:31,759
lester applause for rachel

359
00:15:36,389 --> 00:15:34,079
all right thank you thank you

360
00:15:38,550 --> 00:15:36,399
all right jeff and to close this all off

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we have about four more minutes and i'm

362
00:15:43,110 --> 00:15:41,199
gonna give you uh about a minute to to

363
00:15:45,189 --> 00:15:43,120
give final thoughts here in a few few

364
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minutes but social media has been

365
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buzzing yes and we have thousands of

366
00:15:53,990 --> 00:15:50,240
questions that have came

367
00:15:57,509 --> 00:15:54,000
have bubbled up but um but a couple ones

368
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are common themes and so one of them is

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what do you miss most

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00:16:06,069 --> 00:16:02,279
from the earth you've been up there what

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28 days or so what do you miss most this

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00:16:15,910 --> 00:16:14,150
uh well of course like i said before uh

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i alluded to it before one of the things

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00:16:19,189 --> 00:16:17,680
you miss most of course is your family

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your family

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are they're on the ground they're

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00:16:25,829 --> 00:16:23,519
waiting for you we're busy up here we're

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00:16:27,509 --> 00:16:25,839
busy every day um but they're you know

379
00:16:30,470 --> 00:16:27,519
and they worry about us a little bit for

380
00:16:33,910 --> 00:16:30,480
obvious reasons this is not a um it has

381
00:16:36,870 --> 00:16:33,920
some risk being up here um and it's like

382
00:16:39,590 --> 00:16:36,880
all of us we all love relationships so

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family is what i miss the most

384
00:16:43,430 --> 00:16:41,759
okay and i was the same and i guess you

385
00:16:45,030 --> 00:16:43,440
ladies asked the former that question

386
00:16:46,949 --> 00:16:45,040
already but it sounds like the whole

387
00:16:49,189 --> 00:16:46,959
world wants to ask you that same

388
00:16:51,829 --> 00:16:49,199
question okay here's number two

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00:16:57,430 --> 00:16:51,839
what plants would you would you like to

390
00:17:01,189 --> 00:16:58,790
oh good question well there's two

391
00:17:02,790 --> 00:17:01,199
categories i would say that one would be

392
00:17:04,470 --> 00:17:02,800
a category of plants that are just

393
00:17:06,309 --> 00:17:04,480
pleasant to have around

394
00:17:07,829 --> 00:17:06,319
uh you know like we have house plants or

395
00:17:10,309 --> 00:17:07,839
whatnot of course flowering plants would

396
00:17:12,230 --> 00:17:10,319
be great to have up here just to to

397
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spice up the place a little bit and the

398
00:17:15,350 --> 00:17:13,760
other category of plant that i would

399
00:17:16,549 --> 00:17:15,360
love to grow up here are plants that you

400
00:17:19,270 --> 00:17:16,559
can eat

401
00:17:21,429 --> 00:17:19,280
because it would be fresh food fresh

402
00:17:22,710 --> 00:17:21,439
vegetables or fruit and uh of course

403
00:17:25,350 --> 00:17:22,720
that's one of the things that we don't

404
00:17:27,029 --> 00:17:25,360
get very often up here

405
00:17:29,430 --> 00:17:27,039
wow okay and i see there's another

406
00:17:31,590 --> 00:17:29,440
repeat question so here's the next one

407
00:17:33,909 --> 00:17:31,600
are there any drones

408
00:17:35,190 --> 00:17:33,919
used in space and they might be talking

409
00:17:40,230 --> 00:17:35,200
about

410
00:17:43,430 --> 00:17:40,240
just unmanned things that move around in

411
00:17:47,669 --> 00:17:43,440
space either on the space station or off

412
00:17:51,190 --> 00:17:49,350
well we have an experiment called

413
00:17:53,510 --> 00:17:51,200
spheres where we have these uh

414
00:17:54,630 --> 00:17:53,520
volleyball sized

415
00:17:56,870 --> 00:17:54,640
objects

416
00:17:58,710 --> 00:17:56,880
and uh they can be programmed to fly

417
00:18:00,070 --> 00:17:58,720
around inside the space station it's an

418
00:18:01,750 --> 00:18:00,080
experiment we're not using it

419
00:18:03,510 --> 00:18:01,760
operationally so we do have those on

420
00:18:04,870 --> 00:18:03,520
board they've been here on board for

421
00:18:06,549 --> 00:18:04,880
many years

422
00:18:08,870 --> 00:18:06,559
i've executed that experiment all the

423
00:18:09,830 --> 00:18:08,880
way back to 2006.

424
00:18:11,590 --> 00:18:09,840
of course there are many other

425
00:18:13,990 --> 00:18:11,600
satellites in orbit around the earth in

426
00:18:16,150 --> 00:18:14,000
different orbits we don't use them

427
00:18:18,070 --> 00:18:16,160
directly we do use some of them for

428
00:18:19,110 --> 00:18:18,080
communication systems but we don't see

429
00:18:21,750 --> 00:18:19,120
them

430
00:18:23,350 --> 00:18:21,760
we try to

431
00:18:25,990 --> 00:18:23,360
avoid actually

432
00:18:27,669 --> 00:18:26,000
objects in space that might come close

433
00:18:29,190 --> 00:18:27,679
to colliding with the space station

434
00:18:30,870 --> 00:18:29,200
that's one of the things we worry about

435
00:18:32,470 --> 00:18:30,880
and occasionally we have to

436
00:18:35,029 --> 00:18:32,480
change the orbit of the space station

437
00:18:37,270 --> 00:18:35,039
just to avoid that but in general we

438
00:18:38,950 --> 00:18:37,280
don't uh we don't see or have direct

439
00:18:40,630 --> 00:18:38,960
contact with other satellites in earth

440
00:18:43,590 --> 00:18:40,640
orbit

441
00:18:45,990 --> 00:18:43,600
okay and and uh you all were involved in

442
00:18:47,990 --> 00:18:46,000
an hour of code right

443
00:18:50,230 --> 00:18:48,000
and there are kids that actually code

444
00:18:52,630 --> 00:18:50,240
these spheres that jeff

445
00:18:54,549 --> 00:18:52,640
has referenced they code from the ground

446
00:18:56,710 --> 00:18:54,559
and they have a competition up in space

447
00:18:59,110 --> 00:18:56,720
that's really cool okay jeff

448
00:19:01,190 --> 00:18:59,120
we only have like 90 seconds left i'd

449
00:19:04,470 --> 00:19:01,200
like to give you about a minute to share

450
00:19:06,630 --> 00:19:04,480
anything that we didn't share share just

451
00:19:08,310 --> 00:19:06,640
yet today so what do you want to tell

452
00:19:13,029 --> 00:19:08,320
all the parents the teachers and the

453
00:19:17,350 --> 00:19:15,110
well i just want to applaud your efforts

454
00:19:18,789 --> 00:19:17,360
and applaud the the uh

455
00:19:21,510 --> 00:19:18,799
what you're doing there you're all

456
00:19:23,990 --> 00:19:21,520
coming together to get energized to

457
00:19:26,950 --> 00:19:24,000
to inspire the young people to inspire

458
00:19:31,510 --> 00:19:26,960
of course teachers and educators

459
00:19:35,110 --> 00:19:33,750
transmitting knowledge and the ability

460
00:19:36,230 --> 00:19:35,120
to learn

461
00:19:40,390 --> 00:19:36,240
teaching

462
00:19:42,230 --> 00:19:40,400
young people how to learn how to study

463
00:19:43,990 --> 00:19:42,240
for their future and of course your

464
00:19:46,549 --> 00:19:44,000
focus is on science engineering

465
00:19:50,310 --> 00:19:46,559
technology which is great

466
00:19:52,150 --> 00:19:50,320
we need that in the world the world has

467
00:19:55,669 --> 00:19:52,160
civilizations have developed throughout

468
00:19:56,549 --> 00:19:55,679
history uh because of that uh we need

469
00:19:58,789 --> 00:19:56,559
good

470
00:20:00,630 --> 00:19:58,799
talented people on this program and

471
00:20:02,870 --> 00:20:00,640
other programs related to space

472
00:20:04,630 --> 00:20:02,880
exploration and other scientific

473
00:20:06,870 --> 00:20:04,640
endeavors on the ground so i applaud

474
00:20:09,430 --> 00:20:06,880
your efforts i i encourage you to

475
00:20:11,990 --> 00:20:09,440
continue down that path uh find the

476
00:20:14,310 --> 00:20:12,000
opportunities that uh that you get and

477
00:20:16,710 --> 00:20:14,320
and take advantage of them and and work

478
00:20:18,950 --> 00:20:16,720
hard and make a contribution we believe

479
00:20:21,830 --> 00:20:18,960
that the contributions made in science

480
00:20:24,549 --> 00:20:21,840
engineering and technology are are

481
00:20:26,470 --> 00:20:24,559
contributions that don't just

482
00:20:28,549 --> 00:20:26,480
benefit the individual but benefit

483
00:20:29,750 --> 00:20:28,559
mankind and it's always better if we can

484
00:20:31,830 --> 00:20:29,760
find a way

485
00:20:33,909 --> 00:20:31,840
to serve our fellow

486
00:20:35,590 --> 00:20:33,919
human beings for you educators out there

487
00:20:36,549 --> 00:20:35,600
i will say my father was a school

488
00:20:38,390 --> 00:20:36,559
teacher

489
00:20:40,230 --> 00:20:38,400
he was highly respected i still get

490
00:20:43,029 --> 00:20:40,240
feedback all the time from his former

491
00:20:44,149 --> 00:20:43,039
students through the 60s and and 70s and

492
00:20:46,710 --> 00:20:44,159
80s

493
00:20:49,350 --> 00:20:46,720
he invested in people's lives his whole

494
00:20:51,669 --> 00:20:49,360
life so i want to uh thank you and

495
00:20:54,549 --> 00:20:51,679
express my gratitude for your dedication

496
00:20:56,630 --> 00:20:54,559
and your willingness to dedicate uh to

497
00:20:58,870 --> 00:20:56,640
invest in in the lives of of young

498
00:20:59,909 --> 00:20:58,880
people have fun there in the festival as

499
00:21:02,630 --> 00:20:59,919
well

500
00:21:03,909 --> 00:21:02,640
and make new friends uh and friendships

501
00:21:07,270 --> 00:21:03,919
i hope will continue through your

502
00:21:10,630 --> 00:21:09,510
yeah they're clapping for you here this

503
00:21:12,710 --> 00:21:10,640
is awesome

504
00:21:14,870 --> 00:21:12,720
know you're busy up there i know you're

505
00:21:17,270 --> 00:21:14,880
working hard and you took time out of

506
00:21:18,789 --> 00:21:17,280
your busy day on behalf of the entire

507
00:21:19,669 --> 00:21:18,799
festival we want to thank you and your

508
00:21:22,149 --> 00:21:19,679
crew

509
00:21:28,070 --> 00:21:22,159
for a successful mission and a safe

510
00:21:32,710 --> 00:21:29,590
thank you all